Sustainable agriculture uses ecological principles to farm, hence the prefex agro- to farm and
ecology- the science of the relationship between organisms and their environment. It has been
defined as "an integrated system of plant and animal production practices having a site-specific
application that will, over the long term:
* Satisfy human food and fiber needs
* Make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate,
where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls
* Sustainanable
* Sustain the economic viability of farm operations
* Enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.
Sustainable agriculture is a way of raising food that is healthy for consumers and animals, does not
harm the environment, is humane for workers, respects animals, provides a fair wage to the farmer,
and supports and enhances rural communities.
Organic crop production illustration. Whether you're a beginning farmer, or an experienced
agricultural producer interested in transitioning to more sustainable practices, you may want to
start by learning more about the principles of sustainable agriculture and some of the "systems"
approaches associated with it. The publications in this series introduce and discuss concepts, and
provide a general overview of planning and managing a more sustainable farm operation.
What is Sustainable Agriculture?
Some terms defy definition. “Sustainable agriculture” has become one of them. In such a quickly
changing world, can anything be sustainable? What do we want to sustain? How can we implement such a
nebulous goal? Is it too late? With the contradictions and questions have come a hard look at our
present food production system and thoughtful evaluations of its future. If nothing else, the term
“sustainable agriculture” has provided “talking points,” a sense of direction, and an urgency, that
has sparked much excitement and innovative thinking in the agricultural world.
The word “sustain,” from the Latin sustinere (sus-, from below and tenere, to hold), to keep in
existence or maintain, implies long-term support or permanence. As it pertains to agriculture,
sustainable describes farming systems that are “capable of maintaining their productivity and
usefulness to society indefinitely.
Enhance environmental quality and the natural resource base upon which the agricultural economy
depends.
make the most efficient use of nonrenewable resources and on-farm resources and integrate,
where appropriate, natural biological cycles and controls
sustain the economic viability of farm operations
enhance the quality of life for farmers and society as a whole.”
As more parties sign on to the sustainable agriculture effort, perceptions about what defines
sustainability in agriculture have multiplied.